Permanent-hair-waving pad



F. R. MARCEL PERMANENT HAIR WAVING PAD Ffiled Feb. 19. 1923 Patented Jan. 13, 1925.

UNITED sTATEs ant PATENT orrica.

FRANQOIS R. MARCEL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

PERMANENT-HAIR-WAVING PAD.

Application filed February 19, 1923. Serial No. 619,786.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANooIs RENE MAR- CEL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn. city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Permanent-Hair-W'aving Pads, of which the following is a specification.

In producing what is called a permanent wave in the human hair itis common practice to apply to the hair some chemical such as borax or a combination of borax and other materials, or an oily substance, which when the hair is subjected to a heating or baking action will set the wave or make it permanent so that the wave Will be retained for a long time, even though the hair is repeatedly washed.

One very common method of applying the chemical or borax has been to make a pad composed of sheets of fabric between which the borax crystals were loosely held and in one form of pad the two sheets of fabric had rows of stitches through them to form a series of pockets to prevent the loose borax from shifting around and dropping out. In this and most all former processes using borax there was always more or less borax falling out of the pads and getting on the hands and clothes. In addition, the pads were manipulated only with loss of time and they were so bulky as to limit the size of the lock of hair which could be enclosed in the heater.

The object of my invention is to provide a pad which will overcome each and all of of these objections. I provide a pad composed of two or more sheets between which the treating material is placed and this material is mixed with and held in a binder or vehicle which will remain in a plastic state until the pad is used. The pads may therefore consist of the sheets and the enclosed body of material, the whole being plastic and the sheets being held by the enclosed material. The sheets may consist of pliable cardboard or of fabric, both of which are shown herein. As the pad is pliable it may be very quickly placed around the curler and lock of hair. Furthermore, thepad may be handled to any extent without any of the borax or other treating material shifting or becoming'loose or separating from the pad and therefore the pad is muc cleaner to handle. This is true even after the pad has been moistened preparatory to being applied to the hair. As the pad is less cumbersome it does not fill the space in the heater to the same extent. If the present pad is moistened preparatory to being used and if then it is found that the operator does not desire to use the pad till some future time it may be allowed to dry and it can be moistened again and be used at some future time; so that there is no waste of pads where the operator prepares more than are required for any given case.

While the pads may be made in sizes such as are most commonly used for waving I prefer to make it in strips of such length as to form a number of pads. From this strip each pad may be readily out off with shears or a knife and each pad may be but to the desired length. It is more convenient to use pads of different length according to varying requirements in order that the pads may not be unnecessarily long for a particular wave'and by cutting ofl' the individual pads of lengths suitable for each use. the pads are more convenient to use and there is no waste of the pad material.

The present pad remains plastic or pliable so that it is very easily handled and it is very readily wrapped around the curler and lock of hair.

In the drawing forming. part of this application Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved pad, with parts turned back to show the several layers of material.

Figure 2- is a similar view of a modified form in which one of the sheets is made of pliable cardboard, and

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the pad made in the form of a strip or roll.

In Figure 1 I have shown a pad 1 com posed of a sheet 2 of fabric on one surface of the chemical filler, of a sheet 3 of fabric on the other surface of the filler, and a filler 4, incorporating the particular chemical which is to be used in the waving process.

The adhesive properties of the filler serve In preparing the body of filler material I mix a paste of common starch and water, to which is added a gum, and for this purpose I have found gum arable very suitable.

' The borax or. borax and any special materials which are to be used, is mixed thoroughly into the paste-like material. This is to form the filler of the pad, the starch and gum merely acting as a binder or vehicle for the Borax. I have found, however, that when borax and the starch-gum materials are mixed together that the borax acts quite difierently than when it is used alone or without the paste.- In this case the borax maybe moistened and dried and again moistened and it may beused in waving after the subsequent moistening. The mixture of paste and borax is very sticky or tacky and while in the moistened condition I spread it over one of the sheets of fabric placed upon a tray or support, spreading it over the sheet in an even layer. Large sheets may be spread in this manner and it is very desirable that the filler be spread over the sheet when it is first mixed; in other words, the filler should not be kept for any considerable time before being applied to the sheet. If 3 is the sheet on which the filler is first spread then when an even layer has been spread over this sheet the top sheet 2 I is applied on the filler and the .whole is pressed or rolled. The large body or blanket may then be cut up or it may be first allowed to dry out and then cut up. The

large blanket is cut up into individual pad sizes suitable for application in waving, or, as shown in Figure 3, it may be cut into long strips 6 of sufiicient length to form a number of pads, say a dozen.

After the material has dried out it remains plastic and the several layers of fabric and filler are all held together by the natural .adhesive proporties of the filler.

en a pad is to be used for waving it is simply moistened either. with water or any special liquid solution,and this softens the borax, and makes the pad more pliable.

The pad is wrapped around the hair and curler the same as in former practice and when the whole is subjected to baking by;

the heater the vapors of the borax or other chemical are given off from the pad and permeate the hair, setting or fixing the Wave in the latter. If after waving a head of hair the operator finds that more pads have been moistened than arenecessary for the operation the unused pads may be allowed to dry and they may be used at some later time for another waving operation,thus, there said sheets and filler being held together as a unit by the adhesive properties of said filler.

2. A pad for permanent hair waving comprising sheets of covering material and a filler between the sheets which filler embodies the material for setting the wave in the hair, and a binder composed of starchy material and a gum, said sheets and filler being held together as a unit by the adhesive properties of said filler and the pad as a whole being plastic.

3. A pad strip' for permanent hair waving comprising sheets of covering material and a filler between the sheets, which filler embodies the material for setting the wave in the hair, said sheets and fillerbeing held together as a unit by the adhesive properties of said filler, the pad strip as a whole being plastic and made of sufiicient length to form a number of individual pads, whereby said strip may be cut ofi at any place into lengths suitableto form individual pads.

Signed at the city county and State of New York, this 9th day of nebruary, 1923.

FRANQOIS IRWMARCEL. 

